On Monday, May 4, during a joint address at State House in Dar es Salaam, President Suluhu urged President William Ruto to collaborate in addressing Gen Z protesters pushing for better governance across East Africa, suggesting the movement was spreading across borders and needed collective handling.

“There is no need to be divided, to celebrate the vices that happen on either side. If they show up in Kenya, they are ours as well, and we should jointly deal with them, and the same should be done in Tanzania,” she stated.

She added, “The word democracy should not taint our countries and our cultures. It has no formula. Your democracy is not the same as our democracy.”

A man raises a Kenyan flag during a protest to mark the one-year anniversary of anti-tax demonstrations and commemorate those who lost their lives in them, in Nairobi, Kenya, June 25, 2025. /WORLD POLITICS REVIEW

Reacting to the remarks, Kanjama stressed that any democratic system must be anchored in the protection of human rights, noting that the Kenyan Constitution does not allow coercion or punishment against citizens for peaceful expression.

“Kenya’s legal framework does not permit the use of force, coercion, or punitive measures against citizens for the peaceful exercise of their rights. Articles 27, 28, and 29 protect equality, dignity, and freedom from cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment. These safeguards are absolute.”

LSK firmly dismissed any suggestion that regional leaders should collaborate in suppressing youth movements.

“Constitutional rights are not negotiable, and they are not subject to suppression in the name of order. Any attempt to undermine these freedoms will be met with firm institutional resistance through legal, civic, and regional accountability mechanisms,” Kanjama warned.

He urged East African governments to prioritise constructive engagement with citizens rather than responding with force, adding that such rhetoric from a sitting head of state raises serious concerns within legal and civil society circles.

According to LSK, public statements of that nature, especially when made at a high-level bilateral forum, signal what it described as an escalating threat to democratic space.

Kanjama also rejected the framing of civic activism as disorder, insisting that “demands for accountability, transparency and respect for human rights cannot be characterised as disorder. They are an essential feature of constitutional democracy.”

LSK maintained that any attempt to undermine constitutional freedoms would be met with sustained legal, civic, and regional accountability responses.

Law Society of Kenya (LSK) President Charles Kanjama during a past court session. /X

Speaking during a church service in Karen on Sunday, April 19, the president linked the price disparity to Kenya’s level of development and the country’s substantial investment in road infrastructure.

He explained that Kenya’s classification as a middle-income economy, unlike many of its East African Community (EAC) peers, contributes to the higher cost burden.

A man fueling a car at a petrol station. /BBC

“Many people keep asking why prices in Kenya differ from those in our neighbouring countries. It is important to clarify that Kenya is a middle-income country, while many of our neighbours are classified as least developed countries, and that creates a significant difference," the President explained.

"If you want to compare Kenya fairly with others, compare Kenya with other middle-income countries. That is when you will get the figures right," he added.

Ruto also pointed to road maintenance levies as a major factor, noting that a considerable share of fuel costs is channelled into sustaining the country’s road network.

"Kenyans need to understand that we currently maintain over 20,000 kilometres of tarmac roads across the country and have another 6,000 kilometres under construction," he said.

He further argued that Kenya’s 20,000 kilometres of tarmac roads surpass the combined network of other East African nations, including Uganda and Tanzania.

The president maintained that taxes embedded in fuel prices are structured to fund transport infrastructure, which in turn supports economic activity through better connectivity, trade, and mobility.

Beyond the ongoing 6,000 kilometres of road works, he revealed plans to expand the network further.

"We are setting our standards even higher. Our target is to construct an additional 28,000 kilometres of tarmac roads in the next seven years," Ruto added.

His remarks come amid rising public concern following a recent fuel price hike by the Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (EPRA).

On April 14, pump prices rose to above Ksh206 per litre for both petrol and diesel before a subsequent revision set petrol at Ksh197.60 and diesel at Ksh196.63 per litre for the coming month.

The increases have triggered comparisons across the region, with Kenyans noting lower prices elsewhere. In Uganda, petrol currently sells for about Ksh185–190 per litre and diesel between Ksh175–183, while in Tanzania, petrol averages around Ksh191 and diesel roughly Ksh190.

Photo of a petrol station. /THE STAR

In a joint statement released on Monday, February 23, the two organisations praised officers from Lukenya and Kyumbi Police Posts, as well as Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI) detectives from Kyumbi, and other national and county security agencies for intervening on Sunday, February 22, to rescue Tanzanian human rights defender Mshabaha Mshabaha Hamza. 

The operation, they noted, likely saved his life and prevented what appeared to have been a forced rendition to Tanzania.

“The Law Society of Kenya and Amnesty International Kenya commend the swift, coordinated action taken yesterday, Sunday, February 22, by officers from the Lukenya and Kyumbi Police Posts, DCI Kyumbi, and other national and county security and government agencies,” the statement read.

According to documents presented in court, Hamza was allegedly abducted in a violent and premeditated attack before managing to resist his captors. He was later dumped at the Lukenya stage while drugged and injured, prompting a rapid police response.

Officers intercepted the suspects’ vehicle shortly after and arrested three individuals, namely Edward Mwangi Mwai, a Kenyan national reportedly residing in South Africa; Nelson Wanjohi Kirika, the driver; and Aziz Hamad, a Tanzanian national.

Hamza is widely recognised for his activism on democracy, accountability, and justice in Tanzania, particularly following the country’s 2025 post-election violence. He is also a member of the Pan-African Solidarity Network, a regional collective focused on resisting authoritarianism across the continent.

LSK and Amnesty Kenya described the rescue as a decisive intervention that underscores Kenya’s constitutional and international obligations to protect individuals at risk, especially human rights defenders operating across borders. They warned that such incidents highlight the growing threat faced by activists in the region.

"Amnesty International Kenya and the Law Society of Kenya welcome the decisive intervention by the Kenyan authorities to protect his life and prevent his forced rendition to Tanzania. The action reflects Kenya’s constitutional and international obligations to safeguard all individuals, especially human rights defenders, who face heightened risks," added the statement.

The organisations have now called for a full, transparent, and impartial investigation into the identities, motives, and networks that were allegedly waiting to receive Hamza at the Kenya–Tanzania border.

They also demanded accountability beyond the three suspects already arrested, urging authorities to pursue any individuals—whether in Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, or elsewhere—who may have planned, financed, or directed the operation.

Further, they pushed for closer collaboration between human rights organisations and Kenyan authorities to strengthen protection mechanisms for activists, particularly those in exile or working in cross-border contexts. They stressed that attempts to abduct, harm, or silence activists violate fundamental freedoms and amount to transnational repression.

The two organisations maintained that Kenya must ensure its territory is never used for forced renditions or attacks against human rights defenders. They confirmed they will continue monitoring the case while supporting efforts to secure justice for Hamza and enhance the safety of activists operating within Kenya and across the wider region.

The recent events come amid growing allegations that Kenya has collaborated with other East African nations to abduct and forcibly deport activists and government critics to face prosecution in their home countries.

In January 2025, Tanzanian human rights activist Maria Sarungi, known for her criticism of President Samia Suluhu, was reportedly abducted by three armed men in Nairobi’s Kilimani area, though she was later released.

Similarly, in late 2024, Uganda’s opposition leader Kizza Besigye was abducted in Nairobi and forcibly returned to Uganda for a military trial. He remains in detention without having faced a proper judicial process.

This was captured in a new report released by Human Rights Watch (HRW). Titled World Report 2026, HRW highlighted that in May, Deputy Minister for Information, Culture, Arts and Sports Hamisi Mwinjuma announced measures that effectively silenced the media space in the East African Community (EAC) countries.

Mwinjuma had announced that the Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) had shut down more than 80,000 websites, blogs, social media accounts, and online platforms, claiming they were publishing “unethical content that poses a risk to children’s mental health.” No evidence was presented to back the claim.

That same month, the government blocked access to X (formerly Twitter), arguing the platform promotes pornographic material. Users also reported restrictions on Clubhouse and Telegram, effectively shrinking the country’s digital public square.

HRW further highlighted that TCRA, which holds sweeping powers over licensing and regulation, continued to enforce high licensing fees for bloggers and online publishers — a move critics argue prices independent voices out of the market.

Pressure on the press went beyond blanket shutdowns. Digital outlet The Chanzo pulled down a YouTube video of a press conference by ruling party MP and Bishop Josephat Gwajima after a direct TCRA directive.

"In September, the TCRA suspended JamiiForums, a web forum that facilitates public discourse and whistleblowing, for 90 days for allegedly publishing “content that misled the public, insulted, and disrespected the government and the President"," stated HRW in part.

Elections Marred by Violence and Censorship

President Hassan secured another term in October 2025, but the vote unfolded against a backdrop of repression. Protests that broke out on election day were met with unjustified lethal force by law enforcement, alongside other violations. Authorities also imposed nationwide internet restrictions, cutting off real-time reporting and online mobilisation.

In the months before the elections, the government intensified its crackdown on opposition figures, activists, and critics. Arbitrary arrests, violent attacks, abductions, enforced disappearances, and extrajudicial killings were reported, with no meaningful accountability.

"Some political opposition parties and candidates were excluded from participating in the elections, while the government shut down websites critical of the government and blocked access to some social media platforms," added HRW.

"A landmark court ruling reversed legal provisions blocking the population’s access to public interest litigation. Despite making international commitments, Tanzania has not ratified the United Nations Convention Against Torture."

Opposition Squeezed Out

The pressure extended to the political organisation. In April, police arrested Tundu Lissu, leader of the main opposition party Chadema, during a rally. At the time the report was released, he remained in detention, facing charges including treason — a non-bailable offence carrying the death penalty. A May 8 resolution by the European Parliament condemned his arrest and called for his release.

In May, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) banned Chadema from elections and by-elections until 2030 after the party declined to sign a code of conduct by April 12, 2025, despite the National Elections Act offering no clear deadline. In August, INEC blocked the nomination of Luhaga Mpina, ACT-Wazalendo’s presidential candidate for mainland Tanzania.

The government also withdrew the registration of the Ufufuo na Uzima Church in June after Bishop Gwajima spoke out on abductions and human rights violations, with authorities accusing him of pitting citizens against the state.

Abductions and Enforced Disappearances

The year was marked by a chilling pattern of enforced disappearances and attacks on critics.

On January 12, 2025, unidentified individuals abducted Maria Sarungi Tsehai, a prominent media owner and government critic, in Nairobi. She was blindfolded, handcuffed, and interrogated over her phone passcodes. After her release, she linked the abduction to her social media work and whistleblowing activities.

Opposition activist Mpaluka Nyagali, widely known as Mdude, was abducted from his home in Mbeya on May 2. A habeas corpus petition filed by his wife was dismissed in July. His whereabouts remain unknown, with police denying involvement.

In June, unidentified assailants assaulted government critic Japhet Matarra with a metal bar, leaving him unconscious. He was attacked again while awaiting surgery in the hospital.

In October, relatives reported Humphrey Polepole, a former Tanzanian ambassador to Cuba and outspoken critic of the ruling CCM party, missing months after his resignation.

The report cited United Nations (UN) human rights experts who estimated that more than 200 cases of enforced disappearance involving opposition figures, supporters, and human rights defenders have been recorded in Tanzania since 2019.

Courts, Torture, and Unfinished Reforms

Amid the repression, one legal development stood out. On June 13, the Court of Appeal struck down amendments to the Basic Rights and Duties Enforcement Act that had restricted public interest litigation, reopening the door for groups to file cases on behalf of victims.

That progress, however, contrasted sharply with ongoing abuses. In May, Kenyan activist Boniface Mwangi and Ugandan activist Agatha Atuhaire were abducted, tortured, and later dumped across borders after traveling to observe Lissu’s trial.

"Although a signatory to the UN Convention Against Torture, Tanzania has yet to ratify the treaty. Although the constitution prohibits torture, no such prohibition appears in the penal code, making it difficult to hold abusers criminally accountable," added the report.

In a congratulatory message dated January 18, 2026, Ruto acknowledged Museveni’s “decisive victory” in the January 17 presidential election, framing it as proof of public trust in both the Ugandan leader and the ruling NRM party.

Ruto also praised Uganda for conducting what he described as a peaceful and competitive election, crediting citizens and electoral stakeholders for demonstrating democratic growth at a critical moment for the region.

President William Ruto with his Ugandan counterpart, Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, during his official visit to State House, Nairobi on July 30, 2025. /PCS

"Your decisive victory at the just concluded competitive General Election reflects the trust that the people of the Republic of Uganda have in your personal leadership and the confidence enjoyed by the NRM party. I am certain your re-election reinvigorates Your Excellency’s resolve to accelerate the transformation of your country," stated Ruto in part.

"For undertaking a peaceful election, I sincerely commend the people of Uganda and all stakeholders in the electoral process, which attests to the democratic maturity of Uganda."

Beyond the pleasantries, the message carried a clear diplomatic intent. Ruto reaffirmed Kenya’s readiness to deepen cooperation with Uganda, stressing shared priorities and joint socio-economic goals that extend beyond the two countries to the wider East African region and the continent.

The Kenyan leader emphasized the “deep fraternal bonds” between Nairobi and Kampala, positioning Museveni’s new term as an opportunity to accelerate bilateral projects and regional integration efforts.

"I wish Your Excellency success and good fortune as you embark on this sacred and high obligation," Ruto concluded.

The message comes amid heightened regional attention on Uganda’s elections, with international observers and foreign missions closely monitoring post-poll developments.

Earlier, the African Union Commission (AUC) chairperson joined other leaders in congratulating Museveni, a move that triggered mixed reactions across the region.

In a statement released on Sunday, January 18, the U.S. Embassy in Kampala warned of possible unrest, noting that while calm appears to have returned following the government’s move to restore internet services after a two-day shutdown, the risk of demonstrations remains.

The embassy advised U.S. nationals to remain alert, keep a low profile, and carry proper identification at all times, including a valid U.S. passport with a current Ugandan visa.

Members of the Uganda Police arrest protesters marching to parliament during a planned anti-corruption demonstration in Kampala in July 2024. /RFI

“On Saturday, January 17, 2026, the Government of Uganda announced the results of presidential and parliamentary elections and restored Internet service. U.S. citizens are encouraged to continue to exercise enhanced precautions and avoid any demonstrations,” the embassy noted.

American citizens were further urged to stay away from crowds, avoid any form of protest activity, and remain aware of their surroundings to reduce potential security risks linked to post-election tensions.

The advisory also encouraged them to closely follow local media updates, keep mobile phones fully charged, and save emergency contact numbers on their devices.

The latest alert comes against the backdrop of heightened political tension following Uganda’s elections, which opposition figures have criticised as flawed.

The Uganda Electoral Commission announced Museveni as the winner on Saturday, January 17, after he secured 71.65 per cent of the vote, translating to 7,946,772 ballots.

His closest challenger, Robert Kyagulanyi, popularly known as Bobi Wine, finished second with 24.72 per cent, equivalent to 2,741,238 votes.

Kyagulanyi, the presidential candidate of the National Unity Platform (NUP), had earlier dismissed the outcome, describing the process as “a massive fraud.”

In contrast, African Union Commission Chairperson Mahmoud Ali Youssouf praised the conduct of the polls, terming them consistent with Uganda’s democratic principles. In a statement on Saturday, January 18, Youssouf applauded Ugandans for maintaining peace and security while embracing democratic progress during the elections.

“The Chairperson expresses sincere appreciation to H.E. Goodluck Jonathan, former President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, for his sterling leadership of the Joint African Union, COMESA, IGAD Election Observation Mission to Uganda,” the AU statement read.

The advisory also reflects a broader regional trend, as several East African countries have faced episodes of political unrest and protests, often sparked by disputed elections or public mistrust in government, prompting foreign governments, including the U.S., to issue travel and security warnings.

In October 2025, Tanzania experienced post-election violence after Samia Suluhu was declared president for a second term, resulting in deaths and the displacement of hundreds.

Kenya, meanwhile, has seen recurring demonstrations, notably the anti-government protests on June 25, 2024, and June 25, 2025, during which several people were killed and many others injured.

President Yoweri Museveni and Bobi Wine, who competed against each other in the Uganda presidential elections 2026. /VIRAL TEA KE

In an advisory dated Friday, January 16, the Embassy urged U.S. citizens in Uganda to remain on high alert and steer clear of large public gatherings nationwide.

"Uganda held presidential elections on Thursday, January 15, 2026. Official results are pending. There are reports of security forces using teargas and firing into the air to disperse gatherings," the Embassy stated.

The mission outlined a series of safety precautions for Americans during the tense post-election period.

President Yoweri Museveni and Bobi Wine, who are competing against each other in the Uganda presidential elections 2026. /VIRAL TEA KE

"U.S. citizens are encouraged to exercise enhanced caution, avoid large public gatherings, and limit unnecessary movements," the advisory continued.

Further guidance included closely following local news updates, avoiding demonstrations and crowds, maintaining a low profile, staying alert to surroundings, and keeping mobile phones fully charged with emergency contacts saved.

Americans were also reminded to carry valid identification at all times, including a U.S. passport with a current Ugandan visa.

The alert comes as vote tallying continues following Thursday’s presidential poll. Provisional figures released by Uganda’s Electoral Commission on Friday, January 16, placed incumbent President Yoweri Museveni firmly ahead, with 76.25 per cent of votes counted from about half of all polling stations.

His closest rival, musician-turned-politician Robert Kyagulanyi, popularly known as Bobi Wine, followed at 19.85 per cent, while six other contenders split the remainder.

The election, however, has been clouded by claims of irregularities and violence. Bobi Wine’s National Unity Platform (NUP) party has alleged that the opposition leader is currently under house arrest, with his residence encircled by military and police officers.

NUP claims security personnel unlawfully accessed Wine’s home by jumping over the perimeter fence and pitched tents inside the compound, effectively restricting both him and his wife.

"He is under house arrest. The Military and police surrounded his house last evening. He is not allowed to interact with his agents," stated Benjamin Katana, NUP’s head of Finance.

Earlier on election day, Wine publicly flagged multiple concerns over the conduct of the vote, pointing to alleged nationwide internet blackouts, widespread ballot stuffing, abductions of polling officials, and coordinated failures of voting machines.

"The world needs to know what is happening in Uganda on election day. The Internet is switched off. Massive ballot stuffing reported everywhere," Wine stated on Thursday.

He further alleged that several NUP officials, including the party’s Deputy President for the Western Region, had been arrested, while many polling agents and supervisors were either abducted or forcibly ejected from polling stations.

A man walks past several campaign posters of Yoweri Museveni ahead of the 2026 Uganda general elections. /AL JAZEERA

On Wednesday, December 10, 2025, Uganda formalised a five-year health cooperation agreement worth Ksh297 billion ($2.3 billion) with the U.S. The move follows Kenya’s own Ksh207 billion ($1.6 billion) deal signed on December 4, 2025.

According to the Memorandum of Understanding, the U.S. will contribute up to Ksh220 billion ($1.7 billion), while Uganda will raise its domestic health expenditure by more than Ksh64 billion ($500 million).

The financing targets HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, maternal and child health, polio eradication, disease surveillance, and emergency preparedness.

A photo of Uganda Finance Minister Matia Kasaija. /KDR 100.3FM

U.S. Ambassador to Uganda William W. Popp framed the agreement as a step toward greater autonomy.

"This agreement represents a significant commitment by the United States and Uganda to co-invest in our shared global health priorities," Ambassador Popp said during the signing event with Finance Minister Matia Kasaija.

The arrangement also includes backing for faith-based health facilities and prioritises shifting health workers onto the Ugandan government payroll.

Finance Minister Matia Kasaija underscored the value of the partnership. "This collaboration will yield not only disease-specific outcomes but also significant improvements in national systems, institutions, and workforce capacity," he stated.

As part of the deal, Uganda is expected to progressively assume responsibility for procuring medical supplies currently purchased by the U.S. government. It also channels substantial investment into data infrastructure and electronic medical records to enhance surveillance and response systems.

High Court Suspends Kenya's Deal

Meanwhile, Kenya’s parallel agreement has triggered pushback over data-sharing provisions. On Thursday, December 11, 2025, the High Court suspended implementation after the Consumers Federation of Kenya (Cofek) filed a petition.

Justice Bahati Mwamuye suspended the section of the deal that touches on health and personal data transfers, pausing its enforcement pending further judicial scrutiny.

"A conservatory order is hereby issued suspending, staying, and restraining the respondents, whether by themselves, their agents, or assigns, from implementing or giving effect to the Health Cooperation Framework executed between the Government of Kenya and the Government of the United States of America," Justice Mwamuye ruled.

"This suspension applies insofar as the agreement provides for or facilitates the transfer, sharing, or dissemination of medical, epidemiological, or sensitive personal health data."

The matter will return to court on February 12, 2026 before Justice Lawrence Mugambi for compliance updates and directions on the fast-tracked hearing. 

In its pleadings, COFEK argued that the framework breaches the Constitution and health laws, claiming it was concluded without public transparency.

“Once Kenya's medical and epidemiological data is transferred abroad, the harm becomes permanent and irreversible. Neither this honorable court nor Kenyan regulators would have the power to recall, restrict, or oversee how such data is used overseas,” the lobby stated.

It added, “This exposes citizens to lasting privacy violations, stigma, and potential misuse of their information. The irreversible nature of this harm points to the urgency of the matter.”

U.S. Embassy Chargé d’Affaires Susan Burns later clarified that only aggregate statistics—not individual patient records—would be shared.

Secretary of State Marco Rubio characterised these bilateral pacts as components of the Trump Administration's "America First Global Health Strategy," which seeks to limit long-term dependence on U.S. aid.

The U.S. remains Uganda’s largest global health ally, with cooperation spanning more than six decades.

The group had stationed itself outside the embassy to demand answers over alleged mass killings in Tanzania after the disputed presidential election, in which Samia Suluhu secured an almost uncontested victory.

In its statement, the Kenya Human Rights Commission (KHRC) accused President William Ruto of “shielding” Suluhu’s administration and pushed for greater accountability.

Activists camp outside Tanzanian embassy in Kenya on Tuesday, December 9, 2025. /KHRC

“Police have arrested five human rights defenders who were petitioning the Embassy of Tanzania in Kenya, demanding accountability for the mass killings overseen by Samia Suluhu since 29 October,” KHRC stated.

Those taken into custody included Frederick Ojiro, Julius Kamau, Vincent Mboya, Lichuma, and Shem.

Another activist, Geoffrey Mboya, explained why the team had gathered at the embassy, noting they were there to stand with Tanzanians calling out authoritarian rule.

“We're here to express support for the people of Tanzania as they demonstrate against a dictatorship. We are part of the East Africa community, and whatever happens in Tanzania affects all of us,” he said.

This came a day after KHRC publicly declared its position on the escalating crisis in Tanzania, backing the planned nationwide protests set for December 9.

KHRC and partner groups had released a statement condemning the violence and what they called the unconstitutional takeover of power in Tanzania, highlighting what they described as “the systematic repression of democratic space.”

The organisation said Tanzanian authorities had launched a coordinated assault involving security agencies and foreign mercenaries targeting protesters, religious institutions, and human rights groups, while digital platforms were being suppressed to wipe out evidence.

In Tanzania, security forces ramped up operations on Tuesday, enforcing tight movement restrictions and urging people to stay indoors.

A CNN journalist reported that major towns were largely deserted, with military personnel heavily deployed across multiple locations.

Back in Nairobi, police were also on heightened alert, with a significant security presence along Taifa Road, where the Tanzanian Embassy—housed at Re-Insurance Plaza—is situated.

Photo of burning tires during protests in Tanzania. /BBC

Prime Minister Mwigulu Nchemba delivered the directive while conveying President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s holiday message, noting that only essential personnel should report to work.

The advisory follows Nchemba’s earlier appeal for the public to shun the protests, which opposition groups and human rights defenders have organised in response to alleged violations after the contested October election.

Photo of Tanzanian Prime Minister Mwigulu Nchemba. /FILE

“Fellow citizens, the President of the United Republic of Tanzania, Dr. Samia Suluhu Hassan, sends her warm wishes to all Tanzanians as we mark the Independence Day of Mainland Tanzania on December 9,” he said.

“The government further advises all citizens who do not have urgent commitments on December 9 to use the day to rest and celebrate Independence Day at home,” he added.

Authorities have labelled the planned demonstrations illegal, claiming organisers intend to disrupt public order and destroy infrastructure.

The prime minister further alleged that unnamed actors were financing youth to trigger chaos, stressing the need to avoid a repeat of previous unrest.

Security worries intensified after the United States (US) Embassy issued a warning to its nationals about potential curfews, internet blackouts, roadblocks, and travel delays surrounding the protest date.

The embassy halted non-essential travel for its staff and advised Americans to steer clear of large crowds.

The U.S. also raised concerns about the broader situation, saying it was reassessing its ties with Tanzania over issues involving civilian harm, religious freedoms, and barriers to investment.

In late November, the government scrapped official Independence Day ceremonies and redirected the budget to restore infrastructure damaged during the October 29 unrest.

Despite this, activists say the demonstrations will proceed, insisting the country needs accountability and political reforms.

Human rights organisations and the UN Human Rights Office report credible indications that hundreds may have died during and after the election, an allegation the government strongly denies.

The directive has fuelled fears about shrinking civic space, with rights groups accusing authorities of clamping down on dissent.

Independence Day, which commemorates mainland Tanzania’s break from British colonial rule on December 9, 1961, is usually marked with parades, presidential speeches, cultural showcases, and national ceremonies. For December 9, 2025, the government has cancelled its official festivities.

He dismissed online images alleging he was working with powerful actors supposedly intent on undermining Tanzania’s economy following the October 29 elections.

"I haven't been paid by anyone to tarnish anyone's name. Bongo has failed to defend themselves against my recent report, and they've now decided to attack me with lies," Madowo said.

A graphic of CNN journalist Larry Madowo and his CNN report on Tanzania. /VIRAL TEA KE

"Instead of correcting anything in the report, they are using insults and rumours that I have met with people," he added, stressing that AI-generated images were being circulated to discredit him and urging users to stay alert.

Madowo has faced intense criticism in Tanzania in recent weeks, largely driven by his documentary on the country’s post-election crisis.

The film alleged the existence of mass graves containing victims of protest violence and police crackdowns, purportedly to conceal the true death toll.

Madowo previously stated on social media that he had tried to cover the elections from within Tanzania but was denied press accreditation and therefore could not enter the country as a journalist.

At first, many Tanzanians praised his reporting, saying it exposed their struggles after an election in which President Samia Suluhu effectively ran unchallenged.

But public sentiment shifted after images began circulating online suggesting Madowo had met with outspoken activist Maria Sarungi, a prominent critic of Suluhu’s administration.

Checks by Viral Tea confirm the images claimed to show Madowo meeting Sarungi were created using AI.

Despite the online backlash, Madowo has stood by his documentary, arguing that Tanzanian authorities have not substantively countered any of its findings.

Meanwhile, pressure on Suluhu’s government continues to grow as the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee has called for an independent probe into alleged human rights abuses during the October 29 vote.

Tanzania has responded by announcing it will form a Commission of Inquiry to examine the reported post-election violence and release a detailed report.

Tanzania President Samia Suluhu casts her vote on Wednesday, October 29, 2025. /SAMIA SULUHU

The announcement came on Monday, November 24, from Prime Minister Mwigulu Nchemba, who announced that President Samia Suluhu Hassan had ordered that the budget set aside for the festivities be redirected to stabilising the country’s economy, which has taken a hit over the past three weeks.

"The president has directed that on December 9, there will be no celebrations for Independence," Nchemba said.

Photo of Tanzanian Prime Minister Mwigulu Nchemba. /FILE

"The responsible sectors, including the implementing agencies and the coordinator, must ensure that all the funds are properly allocated. The President has reiterated that all damaged infrastructure must be repaired."

The unrest erupted after the October 29 vote, with protests sweeping through major cities and turning violent as demonstrators clashed with security forces.

The country is still stuck in the fallout of a heavily contested presidential race, where President Suluhu claimed a sweeping 98% victory.

Opposition leaders have accused the state of widespread abuses — from torture and disappearances to killings and other human rights violations.

They allege that police killed more than 2,000 people during the chaos, and many families say they still haven’t recovered the bodies of their loved ones, while others remain missing.

During the skirmishes, angry protesters torched and vandalised public and private property, including police posts and polling stations.

One of the biggest casualties was the Port of Dar es Salaam — a crucial trade artery — which suffered major disruption as ships were redirected to Mombasa.

The government’s decision to channel funds into reconstruction is also tied to the financial blow dealt by the turmoil. An internet shutdown alone, for instance, is estimated to have cost roughly Ksh30 billion (USD 238 million), according to NetBlocks.

The informal sector — which sustains about 80% of Tanzanians — also crashed, with traders unable to operate safely.

In his address, Nchemba urged citizens to avoid slipping back into violence and pushed the opposition to opt for dialogue going forward.

"I want to ask you, Tanzanians, let us move in the right direction. All political parties, let us move in unity and agree that such incidents should never happen again," he added.

The cancellation comes just as opposition groups declared plans to hold a “mother of all demonstrations” on Independence Day itself.

Opposition leaders maintain that “there were no elections” and continue to demand President Suluhu’s resignation.

Foreign Affairs Principal Secretary Korir Sing’Oei said he recently met Ogutu’s relatives to offer condolences and reaffirm the state’s commitment to bringing his remains home.

"Met the family of the late John Okoth Ogutu, a school teacher in Tanzania, who lost his life during the post-electoral disturbances in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania," Sing'Oei said.

He added, "Assured them of the government’s commitment to finding and repatriating the remains of our late national."

In a statement issued Saturday, November 21, Sing’Oei noted that President William Ruto’s administration would use every diplomatic and procedural avenue with Tanzanian authorities to return the body.

The PS issued the clarification after reports suggested the delay was caused by the slow swearing-in of Tanzanian officials. Some Kenyans had already questioned the silence from Nairobi despite Tanzania naming a new cabinet.

Ogutu’s family has repeatedly appealed for government action so their relative can be brought home for a dignified burial.

Though the details of his killing remain murky, they insist on justice, saying he was a key pillar of the family.

They earlier said his body was taken to the Mwanyamala mortuary, but when colleagues went to confirm, it was missing.

Ogutu was among the many people killed in Tanzania’s post-election unrest, with the opposition urging the United Nations (UN) to investigate what they called a massacre under President Samia Suluhu’s government.

The UN Human Rights Commission has also demanded swift and comprehensive investigations into the killings that occurred during the polls.

Opposition party CHADEMA had previously claimed the death toll could be as high as 500, saying the chaos erupted on October 29 as the nation went to the polls.

The documentary — released on Friday, November 21 and produced by international correspondent Larry Madowo with Gianluca Mezzofiore and Florence Davey-Attlee — pulled together eyewitness accounts, geolocated clips, satellite data, and forensic video breakdowns to dispute the official government version of events.

CNN’s findings had shown police officers and unidentified armed units allegedly using deadly force on unarmed civilians in Arusha and Dar es Salaam, then burying victims in mass graves to hide the real death toll.

Watch the story below:

While authorities initially insisted that only 10–20 people died in the chaos, CNN’s evidence pointed to a much higher number.

In its statement, the Tanzanian government said it had taken note of CNN’s documentary and is now reviewing the material. Permanent Secretary of Information, Arts and Sports & Chief Government Spokesperson Gerson Msigwa added that the state is carrying out its own verification process.

"The Government of the United Republic of Tanzania has taken note of a documentary recently published by CNN regarding the events of 29th October 2025.

“The Government is currently reviewing and verifying the contents of the documentary. An official response will be issued upon completion of this assessment," the statement read in part.

CNN’s investigation went on to feature authenticated footage of fatal shootings in Arusha, including a pregnant woman shot in the back as she ran from a police barricade, and a young man killed at close range. Forensic analysis confirmed neither victim was a threat, with protesters only carrying rocks or sticks.

Additional video from Mwananyamala Hospital in Dar es Salaam showed morgue rooms overloaded with bodies stacked high. The Health Ministry dismissed the clips as fabricated, but CNN verified the timestamps, metadata, and locations.

Maxar satellite imagery also revealed freshly dug sections at Kondo Cemetery in Kunduchi, consistent with accusations of mass burials.

Earlier this month, President Suluhu condemned the deadly unrest and destruction that erupted after the election. Speaking at her inauguration on Monday, November 3, she said the violence did not reflect the country’s true identity and added that some of those arrested were not Tanzanians.

"We are deeply shocked and saddened by the loss of life and the destruction of both public and private property. What happened does not reflect the image or reputation of Tanzania, nor does it represent the true spirit of being Tanzanian.

"It is therefore not surprising that some of the youths arrested for such behaviour were found to have come from outside the country," she said.

The country is currently under pressure from neighbouring Kenya with regards to the whereabouts of a Kenyan teacher who was shot dead in Dar es Salaam during the post-election unrest.

According to Prime Cabinet Secretary Musalia Mudavadi, John Ogutu, who taught at Sky Schools iHi Rabson, was killed on October 29 around 7 pm at Goba Centre in Ubungo District amid heightened tensions following the general elections.

Speaking to journalists on Thursday, November 20, at the Mayuge State Lodge, Museveni argued that such a move would boost regional defence strength and enhance collective security.

He said the proposed Federation would unite the armed forces of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Somalia, Rwanda, Burundi, South Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

"I want the formation of the East African Federation. The Federation of East Africa would bring together our countries here and would be a very strong force," Museveni stated.

A photo of AMISOM military soldiers. /AMISOM

Adding "It would create a centre of gravity for the black race. We have very small countries in the world, but they have a centre of gravity."

During the briefing, Museveni also lamented the limited military capacity of many African states, questioning why outside powers have historically been able to attack the continent so easily.

He cited Libya as an example, saying African countries failed to intervene when it was attacked by a foreign nation, stressing that stronger regional military collaboration is necessary to stop similar situations.

"Who can rescue Africa now? The other time Libya was attacked by foreigners, and we were just here looking. Therefore, to guarantee our future, we need to look at the political integration of East Africa," Museveni insisted.

On the same day, Prime Cabinet Secretary Musalia Mudavadi met Museveni at the same lodge in Uganda. A statement from the Office of the Prime Cabinet Secretary (OPCS) on Friday, November 21, said their talks centred on deepening cooperation within the East African Community (EAC).

Mudavadi was joined by Kenya’s High Commissioner to Uganda, Joash Maangi, along with other officials.

“Kenya affirms its commitment to the East African Community ideology of fostering strong regional integration that champions for a politically united, prosperous, and secure East Africa through economic, social, and political cooperation.

“This formed part of the discussions between H.E. President Kaguta Museveni and the Prime Cabinet Secretary and Cabinet Secretary for Foreign and Diaspora Affairs, Musalia Mudavadi, during the recent visit to State Lodge Mayuge in Uganda,” the statement read.

Museveni and Mudavadi also explored Kenya–Uganda bilateral ties. According to OPCS, Mudavadi reaffirmed that President Ruto and President Museveni remain committed to strengthening partnerships that benefit citizens in both nations.

These developments came at a tense moment in the region, following Museveni’s earlier comments where he appeared to threaten conflict with Kenya. On November 8, he warned of potential clashes between the two countries if Uganda continued to struggle for access to the Indian Ocean, insisting the ocean was his.

"Some of the countries have no access to the sea, not only for economic purposes but also for defence purposes. You are stuck. How do I export my products?" Museveni asked.

"That is why we have had endless discussions with Kenya. This one stops, another comes. The railway and the pipeline – we discuss. But that ocean belongs to me. Because it is my ocean. I am entitled to that ocean. In the future, we are going to have wars," he added.

Kenya, however, brushed off the remarks. On November 12, Foreign Affairs Principal Secretary Korir Sing’Oei told reporters that the country trusts Museveni understands sovereignty, borders, and ownership of natural resources.

Uganda President Yoweri Museveni meets a Kenyan delegation led by Kenya’s Prime Cabinet Secretary Musalia Mudavadi at State Lodge Mayuge on November 20, 2025. /YOWERI MUSEVENI

According to Prime Cabinet Secretary Musalia Mudavadi, John Ogutu, who taught at Sky Schools iHi Rabson, was killed on October 29 around 7 pm at Goba Centre in Ubungo District amid heightened tensions following Tanzania’s General Election.

“The Ministry is deeply concerned that the body of Ogutu has not been traced to date,” Mudavadi expressed. 

Prime CS Musalia Mudavadi during presentation of certificates to new envoys on November 11, 2025 upon completion of their pre-departure training. /MUSALIA MUDAVADI

“We are engaging the Tanzanian authorities through our High Commission in Dar es Salaam to establish the circumstances surrounding the shooting and ensure justice for the victim’s family.”

Speaking during his Third Quarterly media briefing, Mudavadi revealed that the government is also pursuing the release of three other Kenyan nationals still in custody in Tanzania. 

Eight other Kenyans who had been arrested across the country have since been released, he added, noting that two remain in Arusha and one in Dar es Salaam.

Mudavadi emphasized that Nairobi continues to provide consular support, including visa amnesty requests and repatriation assistance.

“The safety and welfare of Kenyans abroad is a priority for our ministry. We are following up on every individual case to ensure their rights are respected,” he went on.

Despite the recent tensions, Mudavadi stressed that Kenya remains committed to strong diplomatic ties with Tanzania and Uganda, reaffirming its support for regional cooperation under the East African Community framework.

He underscored that relations are guided by principles of mutual respect and non-interference, even as the government monitors sensitive issues affecting its citizens abroad.

Meanwhile, the United Nations (UN) has urged an immediate and comprehensive probe into the recent killings and other human rights abuses in Tanzania.

UN Human Rights Chief Volker Türk said on Tuesday that information received by the agency indicates that hundreds of protesters and other individuals were killed, with many more injured or detained.

Türk further noted that reports reaching the UN Human Rights office suggest security forces may have removed the bodies of those killed during the protests to undisclosed locations.

Speaking to journalists on Wednesday, November 12, after being released from a 38-day detention in Uganda, Njagi announced plans for a regional shutdown on December 9, in solidarity with citizens facing repression — starting with Tanzania.

“We have to come in now as human rights defenders and also say that we should not associate ourselves with such oppressive regimes, starting with Tanzania,” he said.

“We are hoping that on December 9, they have declared it an independence day. Also in Kenya, we are declaring December 9 that there will be a total shutdown. We are going to stand in solidarity with our brothers in Tanzania, and we are going to shut our borders in Kenya in solidarity with Tanzania.”

Njagi further demanded the immediate closure of the Tanzanian embassy in Nairobi, urging legislators to follow South Africa’s example of taking diplomatic action in the face of human rights violations.

“The Tanzanian embassy, we are actually calling for it to be closed down immediately until further notice, and we are asking our legislators in Parliament to push this motion, just like the South Africans did when there was an issue between Palestine and Israel.

"They closed the embassy in Israel because they were collaborating with our Palestinians to massacre people in Palestine. The same thing is happening in Tanzania. What are we doing as Kenyans for our brothers?” he posed.

Njagi further accused the governments of Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania of collaborating to suppress dissent, saying his own arrest had been a coordinated effort.

“We realise that the three governments are collaborating — Museveni, President Ruto, and Samia Suluhu. Our arrest was a coordinated arrest between the Kenyan government; they knew we were crossing over into Tanzania, they raised the alarm, and those guys did the dirty job for them.

"So we as a people have decided that we are going to unite across borders within the East African Community to ensure that we put a check on the excesses of these governments," he continued.

Tensions in Tanzania

Tanzania is on edge following the controversial re-election of President Samia Suluhu Hassan, who was declared the winner with 97.66% of the vote. The opposition has rejected the results, calling the process a blatant fraud marked by intimidation and vote rigging.

Widespread protests erupted after several opposition candidates were disqualified, with reports of security forces using live ammunition and tear gas to disperse demonstrators. Witnesses and human rights groups claim that hundreds may have been killed, while the government has remained largely silent on the allegations.

The United Nations has demanded an independent investigation into what it described as “credible reports” of bodies being removed from mortuaries to conceal the true death toll. The government has since imposed curfews, carried out mass arrests, and enforced an internet shutdown across major cities, further fueling outrage.

The escalating crisis has drawn international condemnation and raised concerns about regional instability, as Tanzania’s crackdown threatens to strain relations with its East African neighbors.

The “Fridge” Ordeal

Njagi, who was detained alongside Nicholas Oyoo, went on to describe the harrowing conditions of their captivity — including the “fridge” President Yoweri Museveni later confirmed existed. He revealed that the “fridge” was located at a Special Forces Command (SFC) Centre, one of several sites where hundreds of Ugandans are allegedly being held without charge or trial.

Calling the detentions a crime against humanity, Njagi said they were being carried out under the watch of General Muhoozi Kainerugaba, Museveni’s son and the Chief of Defence Forces of the Uganda People’s Defence Forces (UPDF).

However, he suggested Museveni himself may not have been aware of everything happening at the facility, noting that “the team running it did not take orders from anyone else other than Muhoozi.”

“They are being undertaken at the Special Forces Command Centre in Sarakasenyi, the training ground for the Presidential Security team, and they call themselves Next To None because they don’t take commands from the Judiciary, Parliament, or the Executive,” Njagi said.

“This is an armed militia operating under General Muhoozi. There are so many Ugandans there. I left over 150 of them in custody — people being held without any court process. Some have been detained for up to a year. That is what they call the fridge.”

Museveni’s Admission

Hours after Njagi and Oyoo were freed, President Museveni confirmed in a UBC interview that the two had indeed been detained — and even “kept in a fridge” for several days.

“Of course, with our very good intelligence, we picked them up and they have been in the fridge for some days. Now, some Kenyan leaders rang me and said I should either put them in jail here or hand them back,” Museveni said.

He also accused the two Kenyans of collaborating with Robert Kyagulanyi (Bobi Wine), the Ugandan opposition leader. “We arrested two Kenyans, but I do not remember their names. They were working with Kyagulanyi’s group, and they are experts in riots,” he claimed.

Njagi and Oyoo were released on the night of Friday, November 7, and handed over to Kenyan authorities at the Busia border, 38 days after their October 1 abduction.

Their release came after weeks of denial from both Ugandan police and the military, despite witnesses stating the pair had been taken by armed officers from a petrol station near Kampala.

UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk said on Tuesday, November 11 that information gathered from multiple sources in Tanzania indicates hundreds of protesters and civilians may have been killed, with countless others injured or detained.

The UN however pointed out that it been unable to independently verify these figures due to the tense security situation and an internet blackout that followed the vote.

“Reports of families desperately searching everywhere for their loved ones, visiting one police station after another and one hospital after another are harrowing.

"I strongly urge the Tanzanian authorities to provide information about the fate and whereabouts of all those missing, and to hand over the bodies of those killed to their loved ones so that they can be given dignified burials,” Türk said.

He also warned of “disturbing reports that security forces have been seen removing bodies from streets and hospitals and taking them to undisclosed locations in an apparent attempt to conceal evidence.”

Türk urged Tanzanian authorities to conduct a full, transparent investigation into these grave human rights violations and to hold those responsible accountable.

The UN chief also renewed his call for the unconditional release of opposition leaders and other detainees arrested ahead of and after the elections. Among them is Chadema party leader Tundu Lissu.

Reports indicate more than 150 people have been detained since the vote, including children, with many allegedly charged with treason.

“It is essential that all those arrested or detained on criminal charges are promptly presented before a judicial officer, and can effectively contest the lawfulness of their detention. All those detained must be afforded the full range of due process rights guaranteed under international human rights law,” Türk said.

As Tanzania faces mounting international scrutiny, the world is watching closely to see whether the government will address these allegations and ensure accountability for the reported violence.

The development comes as the Kenyan family of a relative reportedly killed in Tanzania continues to appeal to President William Ruto’s government for assistance in repatriating the body.

John Ogutu, a teacher who worked in Tanzania, is said to have been killed on October 29 during the country’s general elections, which saw President Samia Suluhu secure re-election.

Njagi and Oyoo were allegedly detained by Ugandan security officers for more than a month under unclear circumstances.

Speaking on Saturday after his son’s return, Frank Njagi, the activist’s father, said Ugandan authorities had initially intended to hold the pair until after the country’s January elections — a move he claimed was meant to keep them from engaging in any activities seen as opposing President Yoweri Museveni’s administration.

Uganda’s Demands

According to the family, Ugandan officials made it clear that Njagi and Oyoo were being held to discourage any future involvement in campaigns against Museveni or his allies. Negotiations for their release reportedly involved both diplomatic and personal efforts.

“We were told that the intention was to keep them in custody until after the elections. We had to promise that once released, he would never go back to Uganda to campaign for President Museveni’s opponents,” said Frank Njagi.

The family said the talks were tense, with Ugandan officials demanding written guarantees from intermediaries that Njagi would steer clear of any political activities in Uganda.

Uhuru Kenyatta’s Intervention

Frank Njagi revealed that they sought help from the Kenyan government and prominent figures, including former President Uhuru Kenyatta, who was among those who reached out to President Museveni and his son, General Muhoozi Kainerugaba, to intervene.

The negotiations are also said to have involved First Lady Janet Museveni before progress was made.

Nairobi’s Position

Foreign Affairs Cabinet Secretary Musalia Mudavadi confirmed that Kenya had formally written to Uganda seeking information on the activists’ whereabouts and had engaged directly with Ugandan Foreign Affairs Minister Odongo Abubakar to facilitate their release.

Meanwhile, Njagi recounted the ordeal, saying they were held by a military unit that operated under special orders.

“We had been abducted by the military, who kept us under a special unit. We never knew we would make it back home,” he said.

Njagi and Oyoo were abducted in Kira, Kampala, on October 1, and held in undisclosed locations for 38 days before being handed over to Kenyan authorities at the Busia border on November 7.

Bob Njagi and Nicholas Oyoo, members of the Free Kenya Movement, were freed on the night of Friday, November 7 — 38 days after they were allegedly abducted by Ugandan security agents in Kampala. They were later handed over to Kenyan authorities at the Busia border crossing.

The involvement of Uhuru was revealed by Amnesty International Kenya, the Law Society of Kenya, and Voice of Community Activists and Leaders Africa in a joint statement welcoming the activists’ return.

An image of Bob Njagi and Nicholas Oyoo after they were abducted in Kampala on October 1 was released. /KORIR SING'OEI

“[We] welcome the release of Nicholas Oyoo and Bob Njagi last night after 38 days of their enforced disappearance.

"We extend our appreciation to the Kenyan and Ugandan governments at the highest level and the immediate former President of Kenya for their cooperation towards their safe return,” Amnesty said on Saturday, November 8.

The group added that they were coordinating with officials and family members to facilitate the activists’ transfer to Nairobi.

“We are facilitating their transfer to Nairobi and will give details of their arrival for family, friends, and comrades to meet them,” the statement read.

Confirming the development, Foreign Affairs Principal Secretary Korir Sing’Oei said the two were released to the Kenyan High Commissioner in Uganda and later escorted by Ugandan officials to the border.

“Bob Njagi and Nicholas Oyoo are free and on Kenyan territory. Late last night, after lengthy engagements, the two were released to our High Commissioner in Uganda.

"They were escorted by the Ambassador and officials of the Uganda government to Busia border town and were received by Busia County Commissioner Chaunga Mwachaunga,” Sing’Oei said in a statement.

He thanked all those involved in the process, adding, “Deeply grateful for the efforts by different actors who made this outcome possible. We shall be releasing a more detailed account later.”

Their abduction and prolonged disappearance had triggered diplomatic strain between Nairobi and Kampala, with mounting pressure from rights groups demanding their immediate release.

Njagi and Oyoo were reportedly picked up in Kampala, where they had gone to attend a political rally organized by Ugandan opposition leader Bobi Wine.

Mudavadi, on Thursday, November 6, held talks with Tanzania’s Minister of Foreign Affairs and East African Cooperation, Mahmoud Thabit Kombo, after reports emerged that Kenyan citizens were being harassed, detained, and in some cases, forcefully removed from their residences in the wake of the October 29 general election.

During the meeting, Mudavadi emphasized the need to protect all foreign nationals, including the Kenyan diaspora community, who, he said, play a vital role in Tanzania’s economy through business and professional services.

“We have raised specific cases where rights of some Kenyans appear to have been violated, and these have been formally submitted to the Tanzanian government for action,” Mudavadi said in a statement to newsrooms.

Prime CS Musalia Mudavadi chairing a planning meeting in Doha, Qatar on November 3, 2025, ahead of the Second World Summit for Social Development. /MUSALIA MUDAVADI

He welcomed assurances from Dar es Salaam that foreign residents engaged in lawful activities would continue to enjoy full protection under Tanzanian law, while reaffirming Kenya’s commitment to strong bilateral ties and East African unity.

The talks come amid growing panic online, as social media fills with accounts of what many are calling a “ruthless sweep” by Tanzanian security forces targeting foreigners.

Witnesses claimed soldiers have been stopping vehicles, forcing passengers to lie on the tarmac at gunpoint, and threatening to expel anyone who cannot prove their legal stay.

Some reports even allege that foreigners are being taken from hotel rooms under the guise of national security operations.

The crackdown follows President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s hardline speech during her November 3 swearing-in for a second term, where she blamed foreign elements for the violent protests that rocked Tanzania after the election.

“What happened is not Tanzanian and not part of our culture. It did not surprise us that some of the youth arrested were from outside the country,” Suluhu said, vowing to defend Tanzania’s sovereignty “through all means and at all costs.”

Since then, a major security operation has swept through Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, and Arusha, with authorities warning locals against harboring “suspicious foreigners.”

“Anyone found hiding them will face severe legal consequences,” Tanzanian officials warned in a recent briefing.

Despite assurances of protection, fear remains high among Kenyans in Tanzania, many of whom say they are avoiding communication and movement out of concern for their safety.

Kenya’s Foreign Ministry says it is working closely with its High Commission in Dar es Salaam to provide consular assistance and monitor the situation.

Earlier today, the Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs issued an urgent call to Kenyans living abroad to share details of compatriots who may be in danger in foreign countries.

Earlier in the day, Ruto publicly congratulated Suluhu on her victory, days after Tanzania’s electoral commission officially declared her the winner.

Speaking for the first time about the situation, Ruto reaffirmed Kenya’s commitment to helping restore peace and stability in Tanzania as protests continued into their fifth day.

Tanzania's President Samia Suluhu casting her vote on October 29, 2025. /SAMIA SULUHU

“On behalf of the Government and the people of the Republic of Kenya, and on my own behalf, I extend sincere congratulations to Her Excellency Samia Suluhu Hassan on her re-election in the General Election held on 29 October 2025,” he said.

“I call upon the patriotic people of Tanzania to uphold peace and the rule of law, and I encourage all political actors and stakeholders to embrace dialogue and tolerance as they seek to resolve any issues at hand to safeguard democracy and stability."

His remarks followed reports that he had spoken with Suluhu over the phone on Wednesday amid growing tensions across Tanzania.

According to Africa Intelligence, Suluhu also held a separate call with Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni that same evening, though details of the discussions remain undisclosed.

Reports suggest the Tanzanian leader might have been reaching out to East African Community (EAC) heads for support in dealing with the escalating post-election violence.

As delegates began arriving for the inauguration, most African leaders chose to send representatives rather than attend in person. Museveni was among those who skipped the event, dispatching his own delegation.

Attendance from EAC heads of state was notably thin, though Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud—Tanzania’s newest EAC partner—was present. Zambia’s President Hakainde Hichilema and Mozambique’s Daniel Chapo also attended the ceremony.

Suluhu, who secured a staggering 97 percent of the vote, first assumed office in March 2021 following the death of her predecessor, John Magufuli, whom she served under as deputy since 2015. However, her re-election bid drew backlash after two key opposition figures were sidelined from the race.

In April, CHADEMA leader Tundu Lissu was arrested and charged with treason after calling for electoral reforms during a rally, while ACT-Wazalendo’s Luhaga Mpina was disqualified from contesting.

Election day was marked by chaos, with mass protests erupting across the country and reports indicating that more than 500 people have been killed since voting began.

Because of the volatile situation, Suluhu’s inauguration took place under tight security at a restricted military parade ground in Dodoma, with civilian access barred.

Meanwhile, Tanzania remains under a near-total media and communications blackout—electricity, social media, and broadcast outlets have been shut down—and citizens are grappling with shortages of food and fuel in the aftermath of the election.

In a statement released on Sunday, November 2, the police said the suspects are posing as ordinary workers, including boda boda (motorcycle taxi) riders, while allegedly plotting criminal activities.

“The Police Force has received reports of individuals who are not Tanzanian citizens having entered the country illegally with malicious intent, including engaging in criminal acts and causing unrest,” the statement read.

Authorities revealed that the individuals have been spotted in several regions, including Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Mbeya, Mwanza, Songwe, and other parts of the country.

The force has now launched a manhunt for the suspects and warned citizens against offering them housing or employment. Anyone who shelters or works with an unverified foreigner could face prosecution.

“Any citizen who rents out accommodation to or lives with a foreign national whose activities are unknown must report to local leaders or police immediately,” the statement continued, urging the public to call the hotline 0699998899 for tips.

Police further cautioned that anyone found harboring such individuals or allowing them to operate from their premises would face “strict legal action.”

The alert comes as Tanzania’s security agencies remain on high alert following reports of post-election violence in some regions. The police emphasized that the joint security forces are working around the clock to ensure stability.

“The Police Force assures the public that, in collaboration with other security and defense agencies, the nation remains safe and peaceful,” it added.

The warning closes with a reminder from authorities urging citizens to maintain peace and vigilance as the election season in the country concludes.

This comes as Pope Leo XIV on Sunday evening made a heartfelt appeal for peace in the conflict-hit East African nation, calling on rival factions to resolve their disputes through dialogue.

He also urged Christians worldwide to keep Tanzania in their prayers, noting that the disputed presidential election had sparked deadly unrest.

“May we also pray for Tanzania, where, following the recent elections, violent clashes have broken out, leaving many victims. I urge everyone to avoid all forms of violence and to follow the path of dialogue,” the Pope said.

In a statement shared on X (formerly Twitter) on Sunday, November 2, Khalid said there were growing reports of Kenyans among those killed, naming one victim identified as John Okoth Ogutu, who was allegedly shot dead on October 29, the day of the general election.

“We are receiving reports that there are Kenyans who have been killed in Tanzania,” Khalid stated. According to him, Okoth, a teacher based in Tanzania, was killed in Ubungo, Dar es Salaam, and his body is currently preserved at the Mwananyamala Mortuary.

John Okoth Ogutu, a Kenyan killed in Ubungo, Dar es Salaam, on October 29, 2025. /HUSSEIN KHALID

The reports come amid ongoing unrest following Tanzania’s controversial general election on October 29, which sparked widespread protests across the country.

The vote was marked by the absence of credible opposition, with CHADEMA Party leader Tundu Lissu facing treason charges and ACT-Wazalendo leader Luhaga Mpina being disqualified from the race. This left voters frustrated and disillusioned, with many choosing to boycott the polls entirely.

Despite the low voter turnout observed in many regions, the Tanzanian Electoral Commission announced that President Samia Suluhu Hassan had won by a landslide, securing 98 percent of the vote — translating to 31.9 million votes out of 32 million cast.

The commission further claimed voter turnout stood at 87 percent, figures that opposition leaders and election observers have dismissed as “grossly inflated.”

As discontent spread, demonstrators poured into the streets to protest what they called a rigged process. Security forces have responded with brutal crackdowns, deploying live ammunition and tear gas to disperse crowds. Human rights organizations report that hundreds have been killed, with CHADEMA alleging that the death toll has already surpassed 700.

On October 31, a diplomatic source told the BBC that there was “credible evidence” indicating at least 500 deaths in the ongoing clashes, though the exact number remains unverified due to media restrictions.

Violence has also spilled over into border areas. On October 30, Tanzanian police reportedly clashed with protesters near the Namanga border, where some Kenyan nationals attempted to cross into Tanzania to join the demonstrations but were turned back by Kenyan security forces.

Food, Fuel, Cash Shortages

The unrest has triggered a wave of humanitarian and economic crises. According to the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO), Tanzania is now facing acute shortages of food, fuel, and cash, following days of violent protests and widespread disruptions to supply chains.

In response, the United Kingdom has updated its travel advisory, warning its citizens to avoid all but essential travel to Tanzania.

“FCDO advises against all but essential travel to Tanzania. This is due to disruption and unrest following the 29 October election. There are shortages of food, fuel, and cash, compounded by the lack of internet services,” the advisory stated.

The UK Embassy in Tanzania noted that the shortages were worsened by the government’s decision to shut down internet access nationwide, effectively cutting off communication and limiting access to critical information and financial services.

The FCDO further warned that road blockades and closures have been reported in several parts of the country, while many international flights to and from Julius Nyerere International Airport in Dar es Salaam have been cancelled.

While Arusha and Kilimanjaro International Airports remain partially operational, flights to and from Zanzibar Airport have been temporarily suspended. Additionally, ferry services between Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar are not running, and Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) operations have been halted.

The advisory also urged UK nationals still in Tanzania to minimize movement, comply with curfews, and closely monitor local media for updates.

“If you are currently in Tanzania, stay indoors as much as possible, avoid demonstrations, and follow the advice of local authorities,” the UK government said.

With reports of mounting casualties, communication blackouts, and shortages across key urban centers, the situation in Tanzania remains volatile. Human rights activists like Khalid are now calling on regional leaders — including the East African Community (EAC) — to urgently intervene and prevent further loss of life.

As of Sunday, no official statement had been issued by Kenya’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs regarding the deaths of its nationals or the ongoing crisis in Tanzania. However, pressure is growing for Nairobi to take a stronger stance as reports of Kenyan victims continue to emerge.

A security officer walks next to a defaced billboard of a picture of Tanzanian President Samia Suluhu. /RUKIGA F.M

In a statement released on Friday, October 31, 2025, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) said it had received credible reports that at least 10 people were killed in Dar es Salaam, Shinyanga, and Morogoro after police opened fire and used teargas to disperse demonstrators.

The unrest erupted after the October 29 general election, which opposition groups claim was riddled with irregularities.

The UN said it was “alarmed by the heavy-handed response of Tanzanian security forces and the escalating violence,” pointing out that the situation has been worsened by a nationwide curfew and a near-total internet shutdown that’s been in place since election day.

A security officer walks next to a defaced billboard of a picture of Tanzanian President Samia Suluhu. /RUKIGA F.M

“A nationwide curfew is in place, and access to the internet appears to have been widely restricted since the 29 October general election, without any official reasons being given,” the UN noted.

UN spokespersons Ravina Shamdasani (Geneva) and Seif Magango (Nairobi) urged Tanzanian authorities to avoid the use of unnecessary or excessive force, including lethal weapons, and instead pursue peaceful dialogue with demonstrators.

The OHCHR reminded Tanzania of its obligations under international human rights law, calling for the immediate restoration of internet access and the protection of citizens’ rights to free expression, association, and peaceful assembly. “Curtailment of communication will only further undermine public trust in the electoral process,” the rights body further cautioned.

The UN also linked the current violence to a tense pre-election period marked by reports of arbitrary arrests, detentions of opposition leaders—including members of Chadema—and alleged enforced disappearances of government critics.

It urged Tanzania to release all individuals detained arbitrarily and ensure fair trials for those held lawfully, while calling for swift, impartial investigations into election-related violence.

Kenyan Rights Groups Weigh In

Kenyan and international human rights groups, including the Kenya Human Rights Commission (KHRC) and the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH), have also condemned what they describe as “escalating repression” following Tanzania’s disputed October 29 elections.

In a joint statement on Friday, they demanded the immediate restoration of internet access, the release of opposition figures, and independent investigations into reported killings of protesters.

The groups further urged Tanzanian authorities to “end indiscriminate police and military use of force against peaceful demonstrators” and to respect constitutional freedoms of assembly and expression. They also called on the African Union and East African Community to reject any election that fails to meet democratic standards.

According to rights monitors, up to 30 people have been killed in the ongoing crackdown, though opposition party Chadema claims the number hits 700, alleging a violent state-backed suppression of dissent. President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s whereabouts remain unclear amid the unrest.

Coverage of Kenya Premier League

The violence has also disrupted regional activities. Tanzanian broadcaster Azam TV, which holds exclusive rights to air Kenya Premier League (KPL) matches, reported major service interruptions as protests intensified, threatening this weekend’s game coverage.

KPL heads into game week seven this weekend, featuring nine matches scheduled for Saturday and Sunday. Kakamega Homeboyz currently top the table with 13 points from six matches, closely followed by Gor Mahia, who sit just one point behind in second place. Defending champions Kenya Police, however, are struggling this season, languishing in 16th position in the relegation zone after a poor run of form.

A 6 p.m. curfew remains in effect across Tanzania, with schools closed and civil servants ordered to work from home as security forces attempt to quell nationwide demonstrations.

In an advisory released on Thursday, October 30, the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) warned of a “deteriorating security situation” following the October 29 vote, which remains unresolved.

“Large-scale disruption to travel, significant issues with internet connectivity & some protests turning violent,” the UK in Tanzania stated.

British nationals have been told to shelter in place, comply with the government-imposed curfew, follow instructions from local authorities, and avoid all rallies and large gatherings.

The FCDO has also updated its travel guidance, highlighting road closures, flight cancellations, and continued internet disruptions across the country.

Additionally, London has warned against all but essential travel within 20 kilometers of the Tanzanian border with Mozambique’s Cabo Delgado Province, citing the threat of attacks from extremist groups operating in the region.

The alert follows days of escalating unrest after the October 29 elections, marred by violent protests, allegations of rigging, and a government crackdown on dissent. Tanzanian police imposed a 6 p.m. curfew, which remains in effect, with reports of heavy enforcement and extensive roadblocks.

Clashes have been reported in several major cities — including Dar es Salaam, Arusha, Mwanza, and Mbeya — with eyewitnesses claiming security forces have used live ammunition.

Most international flights have been suspended, with Nyerere International Airport operating on limited capacity, while Kilimanjaro and Arusha airports remain closed. Ferry services between Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar have also been halted.

The election itself has been controversial. The opposition party Chadema boycotted the polls under its “No Reforms, No Election” campaign, accusing the electoral system of favoring the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM).

Chadema leader Tundu Lissu, previously arrested on treason charges, was barred from contesting. ACT-Wazalendo’s presidential candidate, Luhaga Mpina, was similarly disqualified over alleged procedural violations, effectively sidelining the main opposition voices.

This latest alert comes after the United States Embassy in Tanzania also issued a security warning, urging Americans to stay indoors and avoid protests. Reports indicated violent clashes nationwide, with police firing tear gas, water cannons, and live rounds to disperse crowds.

Polling stations have been torched in multiple locations, and a police vehicle was set on fire. In Zanzibar’s Stone Town, protesters were seen tearing down ruling party billboards and chanting anti-government slogans.

In the Kagera region, where 17 arrests were made before voting began, confrontations between youth and police turned violent.

The situation has been compounded by a nationwide internet shutdown, with monitoring group NetBlocks confirming widespread connectivity disruptions as protests and violence escalated.

Earlier, Kenyans were warned against participating in protests taking place in neighbouring Tanzania, with Principal Secretary for Internal Security and National Administration, Dr Raymond Omollo, expressing confidence that Tanzania, as a friendly neighbour, is capable of managing its internal affairs, saying it wishes the country well as it works through its domestic challenges.

This is after protests erupted at the Namanga border, where several Kenyans were reportedly blocked from crossing into Tanzania to join the ongoing demonstrations triggered by Wednesday’s disputed election.

The chaos at the border followed days of demonstrations that have gripped major Tanzanian cities since Wednesday, October 29.

Footage seen by Viral Tea captured groups of young people on motorbikes heading toward the border from the Kenyan side, where police had already been deployed in large numbers.

Protesters use a Kenya Police anti-riot shield to protect themselves from tear gas canisters and rubber bullets amid clashes during demonstrations in downtown Nairobi, on July 2, 2024. /AFP

While it’s still uncertain whether the youth were really intent on joining their Tanzanian counterparts in the protests, early reports suggest the anger was fueled by police officers restricting movement across the border.

In one clip, a protester could be heard shouting, “Leave us alone, focus on Tanzania.”

Thursday marked the second straight day of unrest at the Namanga border, which had already been under tight security on Wednesday during Tanzania’s voting period.

Journalists attempting to cross into Tanzania to cover the election were also denied access. Some reported that internet connectivity around Namanga was extremely poor — even on the Kenyan side.

Amid the growing tension, Interior PS Raymond Omollo warned Kenyans against joining the protests in solidarity with Tanzanians, saying such actions could breach Kenyan law.

"I don't want to speak about what is happening in Tanzania. I can speak about Kenya. My point is, as a country, we have laws and regulations and guides on demonstrations. Anyone who wants to participate in any form of protests, let's do what the law requires us to do," Omollo said on Thursday while in Mombasa.

He added, "I want to appeal to anyone not to take the law into their hands and do what is required. If there is any point of inconvenience, the officers at the border will be in a position to advise so that we don't endanger anyone."

Businesses along the border have been forced to close as tension remains high, with Tanzanian youth vowing to continue their protests until the elections are annulled.

In Tanzania, President Samia Suluhu appears headed for a sweeping victory after her main challenger, opposition leader Tundu Lissu, was detained — prompting his party to boycott the polls over alleged irregularities.

To control the escalating protests, Tanzanian authorities imposed a 6 p.m. curfew on Wednesday.

Tanzania President Samia Suluhu casting her vote on Wednesday, October 29, 2025. /SAMIA SULUHU

Global internet watchdog NetBlocks, which tracks connectivity and cybersecurity issues, reported that real-time network data showed a widespread disruption across the country, describing the incident as a “digital blackout.”

"Live network data show a nationwide disruption to internet connectivity in Tanzania on election day, corroborating reports of a digital blackout; the incident comes as Tanzanians vote for a new president and parliament, with both main opposition parties barred," NetBlocks stated on X.

Tanzania President Samia Suluhu casts her vote on Wednesday, October 29, 2025. /SAMIA SULUHU

Viral Tea has learnt that major mobile network operators in Tanzania have cut off internet access nationwide, heightening fears of a state-orchestrated information blackout intended to control the narrative and block citizens from sharing real-time updates on social media.

Further, local media outlets in the country are coming under increasing fire for their silence on the widespread protests that broke out nationwide on election day, Wednesday. 

Many citizens have reportedly accused journalists and media houses of bowing to government pressure and censorship instead of reporting the unfolding chaos.

Before the internet blackout, tensions were already running high, with protests and acts of vandalism erupting in several parts of the country.

Footage circulating online showed demonstrators blocking roads, disrupting traffic, and clashing with police in multiple urban centers, including Dar es Salaam.

In several instances, protesters were seen pelting stones at police officers, prompting security forces to respond with teargas in an attempt to scatter the largely youthful crowds.

Police had earlier issued warnings against participating in demonstrations before and during the election, and armored vehicles were stationed in major cities to deter unrest.

Voting began on Wednesday morning but saw a significantly low turnout, reportedly due to the absence of key opposition figures—many of whom were either imprisoned or disqualified from running against incumbent President Samia Suluhu Hassan.

The timing of the internet shutdown on election day is widely seen as intentional, allegedly aimed at preventing citizens from organizing or sharing live updates that could fuel further demonstrations.

A day before the vote, several regional human rights organizations denounced the process as a “sham election,” accusing President Suluhu’s administration of gross human rights abuses and systematically dismantling the opposition.

In a joint statement issued Tuesday, the Kenya Human Rights Commission (KHRC), Pan-African Progressive Leaders Network, Vocal Africa, and PAWA 254 condemned Tanzania’s political climate, saying the government’s actions signify a complete breakdown of democratic values within the East African Community.

The groups asserted that there could be no credible election in Tanzania, claiming that the ruling regime had dismantled all systems necessary for a free and fair electoral process.

Protests break out across multiple locations in Tanzania on election day on Wednesday, October 29, 2025. /VIRAL TEA KE

In a statement issued Tuesday, October 21, the EAC said the decision follows the approval of the Kisumu–Busia/Kakira–Malaba Multinational Expressway as a viable investment venture.

"Kenya-Uganda Expressway good to go. Movement between Kenya and Uganda via the Northern Corridor is set for transformation with confirmation of the Kisumu–Busia/Kakira–Malaba Multinational Expressway as a feasible and investment-ready project," the statement read.

To bring the ambitious project to life, Uganda will construct a new 60-kilometre expressway from Jinja to Busesa under a Public Private Partnership (PPP) arrangement. Additionally, the country will dual the Busesa–Malaba and Busitema–Busia roads as part of the same initiative.

Photo of Ngong Road under construction. /CONSTRUCTION KENYA

On its side, Kenya will upgrade the Kisumu bypass and the Kimaeti–Lwakhakha road to bitumen standards, while also rehabilitating the Busia and Malaba One-Stop Border Posts (OSBPs) to improve cross-border movement and clearance efficiency.

This development follows reports that Kenya and Uganda were scheduled to meet at the end of the month to deliberate on financing options for the 193-kilometre multinational expressway project. During the session, stakeholders were expected to review the project’s feasibility study, including possible toll tariffs and the environmental and social impacts of the venture.

According to the EAC Deputy Secretary General in charge of Infrastructure, Andrea Ariik Malueth, the expressway represents more than just a road link between the two countries. “This project is not just about building a road; it is about creating a modern, safe, and efficient transport artery that connects businesses, people, and opportunities across East Africa,” said Malueth.

He added, “The Market Sounding Conference is a turning point in our efforts to establish a strategy for sustainable infrastructure development via private sector funding.”

The expressway forms part of the Northern Transport Corridor, aimed at boosting regional trade and enhancing transport efficiency across East Africa.

The announcement also comes a day after President William Ruto unveiled an expansive plan to dual more than 1,000 kilometres of major highways across Kenya.

Speaking during Mashujaa Day celebrations in Kitui County on Monday, October 20, Ruto said the plan was inspired by the late Raila Odinga’s vision for national infrastructure development.

“Raila Odinga, who also served as the Minister for Roads, Public Works and Housing, often reminded me that no economy can flourish without world-class infrastructure,” Ruto said.

“It is in this context that we have committed to dual at least 1,000 kilometres of major highways, including the Rironi–Nakuru–Mau Summit–Eldoret–Malaba road, Makutano–Embu–Meru road, Kitengela–Namanga road, Mombasa–Nairobi highway, and Maroa–Nanyuki–Isiolo road, among others."

The Kenya-Uganda border post at Busia. /HABARI UGANDA TOURS

The 81-year-old leader appeared at a rally at Paridi Stadium in Adjumani on Monday, October 20, projecting his usual energy and confidence as he dismissed concerns about his condition ahead of Uganda’s January 2026 General Elections.

Addressing the crowd, Museveni said, “I thank the people of Adjumani for the warm welcome. As I conclude engaging our people in West Nile, I submit that there’s no question or fear of contradiction on these facts."

A massive crowd at Paridi Stadium in Adjumani, Uganda, during President Yoweri Museveni's public rally on October 20, 2025. /NRM WESTERN UG

"I thank the people of Pakwach, Nebbi, Zombo, Obongi, Madi-Okollo, Arua, Koboko, Yumbe, Moyo, Terego, Maracha, and Adjumani for the warmth and support. Continue supporting NRM, and we shall do even more," he added.

Museveni’s public reappearance followed weeks of speculation triggered by his absence from national events.

Rumours had intensified last week after viral social media photos claimed he was unwell and hospitalised in Uganda.

The chatter even peaked on Sunday, October 19, when he skipped the State burial of Kenya’s former Prime Minister Raila Odinga, an event attended by Tanzania’s President Samia Suluhu.

Museveni instead sent a delegation led by former Prime Minister and Special Envoy Ruhakana Rugunda, alongside John Mulimba, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs in charge of Regional Cooperation.

In his condolence message, Museveni hailed Raila as “a distinguished statesman whose vision cut across Africa.”

During Monday’s rally, Museveni appeared in good health, walking unaided from his vehicle before addressing supporters from a specially designed car. He also fielded questions from members of his party, signalling a return to his active political routine.

His appearance comes shortly after Uganda’s Electoral Commission confirmed his inclusion on the January 2026 presidential ballot—extending his rule running close to 40 years.

The ruling National Resistance Movement (NRM) had already endorsed him as its flagbearer in June, cementing his bid for another term.

As the campaign season begins, Museveni’s team has been spotlighting Uganda’s economic progress under his administration. In a recent X post, he claimed the country’s GDP had doubled from USD 34 billion to USD 66 billion over five years, pledging to raise it further to USD 500 billion in his next term through investment and political stability.

Uganda heads to the polls on January 12, where Museveni will once again face opposition pressure—most notably from Robert Kyagulanyi, better known as Bobi Wine, who was cleared to contest in September and remains one of Museveni’s strongest challengers following their tense 2021 faceoff.

Uganda President Yoweri Museveni arriving for a public rally on Monday, October 20, 2025. /NRM WESTERN UG

Heche was reportedly arrested on Saturday afternoon, October 18, at the Isibania One Stop Border Post while en route to attend Raila Odinga’s burial in Bondo, Siaya County.

Following his arrest, the CHADEMA Deputy Chairperson posted a short video confirming that authorities had detained him and seized his passport.

An undated photo of former Prime Minister Raila Odinga (left) and CHADEMA party leader John Heche during a past meeting. /CITIZEN DIGITAL

In the clip, Heche said the officers failed to explain why he was being held and accused them of acting unlawfully.

"I have been blocked from entering Kenya. I am here at the border, and they want to detain me without any legal authority. I don't have anything because they have taken my passport," he stated.

His detention triggered outrage among Kenyans and Tanzanians, with many questioning the motive behind his arrest.

In solidarity with Heche, a crowd of Kenyans reportedly marched to the immigration centre where he was being held, demanding his release.

Videos circulating online showed the demonstrators advancing toward the border post while chanting, "We want Heche, release Heche."

However, police officers stationed at the border swiftly intervened, preventing the protesters from breaching the immigration offices.

Unrelenting, residents—mostly from Isebania town—continued their protest outside the gates, eventually pressuring authorities to release the opposition leader.

Once freed, Heche immediately resumed his journey to Bondo to attend the burial of the former Prime Minister, scheduled for Sunday, October 19, 2025.

Shortly after his release, Heche accused the Tanzanian government, led by President Samia Suluhu, of allegedly orchestrating his arrest to frustrate him.

Residents of Isebania in Kenya oustide the immigration offices located on the border of Kenya and Tanzania. /CORNELIUS K. RONOH

Njagi and Oyoo vanished two weeks ago after being abducted in Kampala, and it’s believed they’re being detained in a military facility.

Confirming the development, Freedom Hive Uganda, a human rights group, stated that Justice Peter Kinobe issued the order.

Kenyan activists Bob Njagi (right) and Nicholas Oyoo (left), at a past gathering in Kenya. /AGATHER ATUHAIRE

"Earlier today, we attended the habeas corpus hearing of Bob Njagi and Nicholas Oyoo at the High Court Civil Division in Kampala," the statement partly read.

"Justice Peter Kinobe ordered the government to produce Bob Njagi and Nicholas Oyoo dead or alive within seven days. The Honourable Judge expressed his commitment to upholding the constitutional rights of the two activists, who have been held in unlawful military detention for 14 days."

The ruling follows a petition filed by two Ugandan lawyers on October 6 seeking habeas corpus orders for the activists’ release.

According to the application, Njagi and Oyoo were allegedly arrested on October 1 in Kaliro District, Eastern Uganda, and detained at a military camp in Mbuya, Kampala.

The petitioners cited Ugandan law, which requires suspects to be presented in court within 48 hours — a right the two had been denied.

On October 6, the Ugandan National Police (UNP) dismissed claims linking them to the abduction after five days of public speculation.

“On the matter of the two Kenyan activists who disappeared in Uganda, I am not briefed by the police that we have them in our custody. So at the moment, I do not have any information to the effect that they are in police custody,” UNP Spokesperson ACP Kituuma Rusoke stated during a State of Security briefing.

“If I had any information on the whereabouts of the two activists, I would present it here without any reservation."

Reports indicate Njagi and Oyoo were abducted while attending a political campaign meeting at a petrol station in Uganda, where they were scheduled to meet National Unity Platform presidential candidate Bobi Wine, the country’s main opposition leader.

EAC Secretary General Veronica Nduva, in an official statement, criticised the directive, saying it goes against the principles outlined in the EAC Common Market Protocol.

The protocol ensures the unrestricted movement of goods, services, labour, and capital among member countries.

An aerial view of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. /iSTOCK

"It is important to remind all Partner States that unilateral backtracking on these commitments is inconsistent with the obligations under the Protocol. This was reaffirmed by the Attorney General through the Sectoral Council on Legal and Judicial Matters in November 2024," the statement reads in part.

Speaking on Friday morning, Vocal Africa CEO Hussein Khalid confirmed the incident, stating that Mwabili was allegedly kidnapped on Wednesday, July 21, by unidentified individuals in Tanzania.

Mwagodi, who has spent part of the past few months living in Tanzania, has been outspoken about politicians making donations to churches. He recently launched a campaign titled Occupy the Church, aimed at exposing corrupt clergy.

Khalid said he was informed of the abduction by a family member who reached out directly to inquire about Mwagodi’s whereabouts.

"A Kenyan has been abducted in Tanzania. Again. Family has confirmed that Mwabili Mwagodi, who is a Kenyan activist and was vocal against church donations, was abducted in Tanzania on Wednesday," said Khalid.

"It seems Samia Suluhu and her government are working around the clock to target Kenyan activists. Free Mwabili Mwagodi now."

Speaking on the incident, Mwagodi’s wife revealed that he disappeared on Wednesday around 10 p.m. while heading to Dar es Salaam.

She explained that he had left his vehicle behind and opted to travel by public transport to the city, where a hospitality firm employs him.

It was during this journey that his phone went off, and multiple attempts to contact him failed, raising fears that he may have been abducted.

Before relocating to Tanzania, Mwagodi worked in the hospitality industry in Mombasa, where he began his campaign against preachers who welcome politicians into their churches.

Like many of his activist peers, Mwagodi has been an outspoken critic of President William Ruto’s government. In 2024, he travelled from Mombasa to Nyahururu to mobilise youth against the now-defunct Finance Bill 2024.

The Tanzanian authorities are yet to comment on Mwagodi's abduction at the time of publishing this story.

Activist Mwabili Mwagodi during a past anti-government demonstration in Kenya. /MWABILI MWAGODI

In their petition, they accuse the Tanzanian government of orchestrating their abduction, torture, unlawful detention, and eventual deportation in May 2025.

They also hold the Kenyan and Ugandan governments, as well as the Secretary General of the East African Community (EAC), responsible for failing to protect their citizens and uphold regional legal obligations.

The applicants include Mwangi, Atuhaire, Agora Centre for Research, Centre for Strategic Litigation, East Africa Law Society, Kenya Human Rights Commission, Innovations for Democratic Engagement and Action (IDEA), ICJ-Kenya, and the Pan African Lawyers Union.

Named as respondents are the Attorneys General of Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda, along with the EAC Secretary General.

According to the case, between May 19 and 23, 2025, Mwangi and Atuhaire were abducted from their hotel in Dar es Salaam by unidentified individuals. Initially held at the Immigration Department and Central Police Station, they were later transferred without explanation to an undisclosed location where they were allegedly subjected to physical and psychological torture, including acts of sexual violence.

They were eventually dumped at border points—Mwangi in Kenya and Atuhaire in Uganda. At the time, the two activists were in Tanzania legally, monitoring the treason trial of opposition leader Tundu Lissu.

Throughout their detention, they were not informed of any charges or legal grounds for their arrest and transfer. Despite significant media attention across East Africa and beyond, both the Kenyan and Ugandan governments reportedly took no effective steps to intervene or hold Tanzanian authorities accountable.

The EAC Secretary General is also accused of ignoring the situation, failing to respond despite the gravity of the rights violations involved.

The applicants argue that the combined actions and inactions of the four respondents represent serious breaches of the EAC Treaty, the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, and other binding regional and international laws.

They claim the incident undermines East African unity and the broader goals of Pan-African cooperation.

The petitioners are seeking various remedies, including formal public apologies from Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda; compensation of at least $1 million (Ksh129.5 million) per victim; and rehabilitation, including psychological support. 

They also want a formal condemnation of Tanzania’s actions by the EAC Secretary General, structural reforms to prevent future violations, and a special summit of EAC Heads of State focused on regional peace, justice, and governance.

Agather Atuhaire and Boniface Mwangi were arrested in Dar es Salaam on May 19 while attending the treason trial of Tanzanian opposition leader Tundu Lissu. Agather’s family confirmed she was found abandoned at night near the Mutukula border.

The arrests sparked international concern and condemnation, with human rights groups urging respect for the rights of activists. Earlier in that week, President Samia Suluhu cautioned foreign activists against getting involved in Tanzania's domestic affairs.